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- Uvavanyo lwezilwanyana zasekhaya
- Ikhithi yoVavanyo lweZiyobisi
- Umcu wovavanyo lomchamo
- Ikhithi yoVavanyo lwaManzi
- Ikhithi yovavanyo lweNkokeli
- Ikhithi yovavanyo lweGlyphosate
- Ikhithi yovavanyo lwe-A1 A2
- Ikhithi yoVavanyo lweSifo esiSulelayo
- Uvavanyo lweeBhaktheriya zamanzi
- Imitha yoVavanyo loMgangatho waManzi
- Ikhithi yovavanyo lweChloramines
- Uvavanyo lokutya
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Ikhithi yoVavanyo oluKhawulezayo lweSinyithi esiNzima seNsimbi kwiKhithi yoVavanyo lweNkokeli, iKhithi yoVavanyo lweArsenic, iKhithi yoVavanyo lweMercury, iKhithi yoVavanyo lweGlyphosate
Ingcaciso yeMveliso
Ifunyanwa phi iLead?
I-lead ingafumaneka kuzo zonke iindawo esingqongileyo – umoya, umhlaba, amanzi, kwanangaphakathi emakhayeni ethu. Uninzi lwezinto esizivelayo zivela kwimisebenzi yabantu kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha efosili kuquka ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli ene-lead ngaphambili, ezinye iintlobo zezakhiwo zoshishino kunye nokusetyenziswa kwepeyinti esekwe kwi-lead ngaphambili emakhayeni. Iikhompawundi ze-lead kunye ne-lead zisetyenziswe kwiintlobo ngeentlobo zeemveliso ezifumaneka emakhayeni ethu nakwiindawo ezikufutshane nawo, kuquka ipeyinti, iiseramikhi, iipayipi kunye nezinto zokufaka amanzi, ii-solders, ipetroli, iibhetri, iimbumbulu kunye nezinto zokuthambisa.
Ilothe ingangena kwindalo esingqongileyo ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwayo kwangaphambili nekwangoku. Ilothe ingakhutshwa kwindalo esingqongileyo ivela kwimithombo yemizi-mveliso nakwiindawo ezingcolisiweyo, ezifana nabanyibilikisi belothe bangaphambili. Ngelixa amanqanaba endalo elothe emhlabeni ephakathi kwamalungu angama-50 nama-400 kwisigidi ngasinye, imisebenzi yokwemba, ukunyibilikisa kunye nokucoca iye yabangela ukwanda okukhulu kwamanqanaba elothe kwindalo esingqongileyo, ngakumbi kufutshane neendawo zokwemba kunye nokunyibilikisa.
Xa ilothe ikhutshelwa emoyeni ivela kwimithombo yemizi-mveliso okanye kwiinqwelo-moya ezinenjini yokutshisa, ingahamba imigama emide ngaphambi kokuba ihlale emhlabeni, apho ihlala inamathela khona kumasuntswana omhlaba. Ilothe ingahamba ukusuka emhlabeni iye emanzini angaphantsi komhlaba kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwekhompawundi yelothe kunye neempawu zomhlaba.
Ikhithi yethu yoVavanyo lweeNkokeli inikwe uvakalelo oluphantsi njenge-5PPB yovavanyo lwamanzi okusela.
Inkqubo yoVavanyo
1. Ngaphambi kokuba wenze uvavanyo, funda incwadi yemiyalelo kakuhle. Khupha inani elifunekayo lee-reagents zovavanyo kwikhithi uze uzivumele zibuyele kubushushu begumbi (20 ~ 25℃). Musa ukuvula ingxowa yokupakisha ye-reagent yovavanyo ide ifikelele kubushushu begumbi.
2. Emva kokuba zombini i-reagent yovavanyo kunye nesampuli eza kuvavanywa zibuyele kubushushu begumbi (20 ~ 25 ℃), vula ngononophelo ingxowa yokupakisha ye-reagent yovavanyo. Sebenzisa i-pipette ukuhambisa amathontsi ama-4 (malunga ne-120ul) yesampuli eza kuvavanywa kwityhubhu yokusabela, shukumisa kancinci ukuze unyibilikise ngokupheleleyo umgubo kwityhubhu (malunga nemizuzwana engama-30-60, yandisa ixesha lokunyibilikisa ukuba ubushushu buphantsi).
3. Nje ukuba umgubo okwityhubhu unyibilike ngokupheleleyo, sebenzisa ipayipi ukuze uthathe yonke i-reagent kwityhubhu yokusabela kwaye uyifake kancinci kwiqula lesampulu yekhadi lovavanyo, uqalise isibali-xesha.
4. Iziphumo mazitolikwe kwimizuzu emi-5-10; ukutolikwa emva kweli xesha akuvumelekanga.